What is Substance Dependence characterized by?

Substance Dependence is characterized primarily by the presence of tolerance and withdrawal symptoms. Tolerance refers to the body's adaptation to a substance, which leads to individuals needing increasingly larger doses to achieve the same effect. Withdrawal symptoms occur when a person who has developed a dependence on a substance reduces or stops their intake, causing a range of physical and psychological symptoms. These features highlight the physiological and psychological facets of dependence, which go beyond just the behavior of using a substance.

The presence of tolerance and withdrawal symptoms signifies a more serious level of substance use disorder, as they indicate that the individual’s body has adjusted to the substance and that their functioning may significantly decline without it. This understanding is crucial for treatment planning and helps identify which individuals may require more intense intervention and support to aid in recovery.