Which factor fall under the psychological contributors to substance abuse?

Cognitive styles refer to the different ways individuals perceive, think, and understand their experiences, which can significantly influence their behavior, including substance use. These styles can impact how a person interprets situations, manages stress, and copes with emotions, potentially leading to substance abuse as a means of coping or escape. For instance, someone with an avoidance-oriented cognitive style may be more prone to seeking substances to handle negative emotions rather than addressing the issues directly.

In contrast, cognitive dissonance involves the psychological discomfort experienced when holding contradictory beliefs or values, which affects behavior but does not directly classify as a contributor to substance abuse itself. Brain injury, while having psychological implications, primarily falls under medical or neurological issues rather than purely psychological contributors. Physical health issues are also more about bodily conditions and their effects on mental health, rather than psychological factors influencing behavior regarding substance use. Therefore, cognitive styles accurately represent a psychological contributor to substance abuse within the framework of how thoughts and perceptions can drive behaviors related to substance use.